Revue de la littérature sur la santé mentale des migrants. (notice bibliographique)

Sommaire :

I Etendue de la revue des documents de référence

II Etat de santé mentale des immigrants et des réfugiés

A Instruments de mesure de santé mentale

1- Enquêtes communautaires

2- Données cliniques

3- Taux de maladie mentale

B Facteurs influent sur l’état de santé mentale

1- Variables socio- démographiques

2- Conditions du départ

3- Variables post – migratoires

C Migrants à risque

III Services de santé mentale destinées aux immigrants et aux réfugiés

A. Programme et services préventifs

B. Recours aux médecines traditionnelles dans le pays hôte

C. Utilisation des services courants de santé mentale

1- Mode d’utilisation des services

2- Problèmes liés à l’évaluation individuelle

3- Attentes concernant la thérapie

D Solutions proposés pour remédier aux obstacles

DOCUMENTS DE RÉFÉRENCES CITÉS – REFERENCES CITED.

Abad, V, Boyce, E., 1979. Issues in psychiatrie evaluation of Puerto Ricans : A sociocultural perspective. 7J. Operational Psychiatry, 10(l):28-39.

Acosta, EX., Yamamoto, J., Evans, L.A-, Skilbeck, W.M., 1983. Preparing low-income Hispanie, Black and White patients for psychotherapy : Evaluation of a new orientation program. J. clin. psycholoel, 39(6):872877.

Aday, L.A., Chiu, G.Y., Andersen, R., 1980. Methodological issues in health care surveys of the Spanish heritage population. Am. J. Public Health 70:376-374.

Aguirre, B.E., Bigelow, A., 1983. The aged in Hispanie groups : A review. Int. J. Aging Hum. Dev., 17(3):177-201.

Alcalay, R., 1984., Hispanie women in the United States : Familv and work relations. Migration Todqy, 12(3):13-20.

Alley, J-C., 1982. Life-threatening indicators amont, the Indochinese refugees. Suicide Life Threai. Behav’ 12(l):46-51.

Allodi, E Psychotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorders. A multicultural mode] (in press)..

Allodi, E, 1984. Cultural psychiatry and the dynamics of priman, preventien. In Lumsden, D.. (ed.), Commuizia, Mental Healffi Aciion : Primary Prevenfion Programming in Canada. The Canadian Public Health Association.

Modi, E, 1980. The psychiatrie effects in children and families of victims of political persecution and torture. Dan. Med. Bull., 27(5).229-232.

Abodi, F., Cowgill, G., 1982. Ethical and psychiatrie aspects of torture : A Canadian study. Can. J. Psychiatry 27(2):98-102.

Allodi, E, Fantini, N., 1985. The Italians in Toronto : A data svstem for psychiatrie services te an immigrant community. Annal. Psychother Psychopathol., 2:49-58.

Allodi, F., Rojas, A., 1983. The health and adaptation of victims of political violence in Latin America. In Pichet, P., Berner, P., Wolf, R., &Thau, K. (eds.), Psychiatry : The State of the Art. Neu, York : Plenum Press.

Amaral Dias, C.A., Vicente, TN., Cabrita, M.E, de Mendon, A.R., 1981. Transplantation, identiîty and drug addiction. Bull. Narc., 33(l):21-26.

Ammar, S., 1982. L’émigré – immigré maghrebin et sa famille face au changement et a la maladie. Amz. Med. Psychology (Paris), 140(6):577581.

Ananth, J., 1984. Treatment of immigrant Indian patients. Can. J. Psychiatyy, 29(6) 49G-493.

Anderson, J.M., Lvnam, MI., 1986. Uprooting and resettling : East Indian women in Canada. Conference : International Socioiogical Association.

Andrulis, D., 1977. Ethnicily as a variable in the utilization and referral patterns of a comprehensive mental health center. J. Comm. Psychology, 5:231-237.

Atkinson, D.R., 1983. Ethnic similarity in counseling psychology : A review of rescarch. The Counselling Psychoiogisi, 11(3)-19-24.

BarwicL, C.S.L. Services ta immigrants : The new specificity of transcultural psychiatry. Paper presented ta the 36th Annuai Meeting of the Canadian Psychiatric Association, September 1986..

Bathien, &N., Malapert, B, 1984. Problemes psychopathologiques conseculifs aux traumatismes de guerre et de migration. A propos de 30 dossiers d’enfants refugiés du sud est asiatique venus consulter à l’hopital Trousseau pendant l’année 1983. Étude, Paris, Hopital Trousseau, 1984, 34p..

Beiser, K Changes in mental bealih over time among Soulbeast Asian refugees. Unpublished paper..

Beiser, M. Refugee mental health in the carly vears of resettlemeni. In Nann, R.C., Johnson, P-J., Beiser, M. (eds.), Refugee Resettiement.Southeast Asians Transition Vancouver, B.C. : Refugee Resettiemeni Projeci.

Beiser, M., Fleming, J.A.E., 1986. Measuring. psychiatric disorder amant, Southeast Asian refugees. Psychoiogical Medicinc, 16:627-639.

Bem, J-W, 1984. Cultural relations in plural societies ; Alternatives Io segregation and their sociopsychological implications. In Miller, N., Brewer, M. (eds.), Groups in Coniaci. New York : Academic.

Bhatnagar, JK, 1980. Linguistic behaviour and adjustment of immigrant children in French and English schools in Montreai. Rev. Applied Psychoiogy, 29(1-2):141-158.

Bird, H.R., Canino, 1., 1981. The sociapsychiatry of Espiritismo. Findings of a study in psychiatric populations of Puerto Rican and Cher Hispanic children. J. Amer. AcaiL Children Psychiatry, 20:725-740.

Bland, R.C., Orn, H., 1981. Schizophrenia : Sociocultural factors. CarL Psychiatry, 26(3).186-188.

Bodnar, A., Reimer, M., 1979. The organization of social services and its implications for the mental bealth of immigrant women. Report produmd for Secretary of State by Working Women Community Centre, Toronto, Ontario.

Boehniein, J.K., Kinzie, J.D., Ben, R., Fleck-, J., 1985. One-ycar for ow-up study of posttraumatic stress disorder among survivors of Cambodian concentration camps. Am. J. Psychiatry, 142(g):956-959.

Boman, B., Edwards, M., 1984. The Indochinese refugee : An overview. Aust. N.Z J. Psvchiatry, 18(l):40-521.

Bowlan, J., Bruno, E. (eds.), 1985. Cambodian Mental Health : A Day to Explore lssues and Alternative Approaches to Care. Proceedings of Conference. New York : The Cambodian Women’s Projeci.

Boxer, PA., Garvey, J.1, 1985. Psvchiatric diagnoses of Cuban refugees in the United States- Findings of medical review boards. Am. J. Psychiatry, 142(l) : 86-89.

Brodsky, B., 1992. Social work and the Soviet immigrant. Migration Today, 10(l):15-20.

Brown, G., 1982. lssues in the resettlement of Indochinese refugees. Social Casework : lhe Journal of Contemporary Social Work. Family Service Association of America.

Burch, E.A., Jr., Powell, C.H., 19&0. « The psychiatric assessment of a Vieinamese refugee through art. Am. J. Psychiarry, 37(2).236-237.

Burke, A.W. Determinants of delinquenm, in female West Indian migrants. Int. J. Soc. Psychiarry, 28(l).28-34.

Burke, A.W., 1980. Family stress and the precipitation of psychiatric disorder. A comparative study among immigrant West Indian and native British patients in Birmingham. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry, 26(l):35-40.

Burvill, P.W, 1982. The epidemiology of psychiatric illnes s in industrialized society. Ausi. N.Z. J. Psychiatry, 16(3):144-151.

Burvill, P.W., Armstrong, B.K, Carlson, D.J., 1983. Attempted suicide and immigration in Perth, Western Australia, 1969-1978. Acta Psychiat. Scan., 68(2):89-99.

Canino, G., Canino, LA., 1982. Culturaliv svntonic family therapy for migrant Puerto Ricans. Hosp. Community Psychiatry, 33(4):299-303.

Carpenter, L., Brockington, LE, 1980. A study of mental iliness in Asians, West Indians and Africans living in Manchester. Br. J. Psychiarry, 137.201-205.

Casas, J.M., 1985. A reflection on the status of racial/ethnic minority research. The Counselling Psychologist, 13(4):581-598.

Castro, M.G., 1982. Women in migration : Columbian voices in the Big Apple. Migration Ioday 10(3-4).22-32.

Chan, D.W., 1985. The Chinese version of the General Health Questionnaire : Does language make a différence ? Psychological Med., 15:147-155.

Chan, K.B., 1984(a). Indochinese refugees and social support : The theoretical importance of the family and social networks in research and social intervention. In Nann, R.C., Johnson, P.J., Beiser, M. (eds.)

Refugee Resetilement : Southeast Asians in Transition. Vancouver, B.C. : Refugee Resettiement Project.

Chan, K.B., 1984(b). Mental health needs of Indochinese refugeesToward a national refugee resettlement policy and strategy in Canada. In Lumsden, D.. (ed.), Community Mental Heaith Action : Primary Prevention Programming in Canada. Ottawa Canadian Public Health Association.

Chan, K.B., 1983. Coping with aging and managing self-identity : The social world of the elderlv Chinese woman. Can. Ethnic Studies, 25(3).36-50.

Chan, K.B., Lam, L., 1983. Resettlement of Vietnamese-Chinese refuLees in Montreai, Canada : Some socio-psychological problems and dilemmas. Canadian Ethnic SnidieslEtudes ethniques au Canada, 15-17.

Chandrasena, R.D., 1984. Traditional therapies : Why immigrants seek them. Asianadian, 6(l)-8-10.

Cheung, E, Dobkin de Rios, M., 19821. Recent trends in the study of the mental health of Chinese immigrants to the United States. Research in

Race and Ethnic Relations, 3:145-163.

Cochrane, R., 1979. Psychological and behavioural disturbance in West Indians, Indians and Pakistanis in Britain : A comparison of rates among children and adults. Brit. J. Psychiarry, 134:201-210.

Cochrane, R., Hashmi, F., Stopes-Roe, M., 1977. Measuring psycholgical disturbance in Asian immigrants to Britain. Soc. Sci. Med., 11.157-164.

Cochrane, R., Stopes-Roe, M., 1981. Psychological symptom levels in Indian immigrants to England – A comparison with native English. Psychol. Med., 11(2):319-327.

Cohen, L.M., Grossnickle, MA. (eds.), 1983. Immigrants and Refugees in a Changing Nation : Research and Training. V,,Iashington, D.C. : Catholic University of America Press.

Cohon, J.D., 1983. Southcast Asian refugees and school hcalth personnel.

Cohan, J.D., 1981. Psychological adjustment and dy.sfunction among refugees. Ini. Migration Rev., 15(1-2):255-275.

Cohon, J.D., 1977. The trauma svndrome : Identification, treatment, and referral of commonly seen probléms. Paper presented at Northern California Indochinese Refugee Assistance Program Conference, San Francisco, August.

Coleman, C.M., Miller, B., Chambers, E., 1979. National mental health needs assessment of Indochinese refugee populations. Bureau of Rescarch and Training, Office of Mental Heaith. Pennsylvania Dept. of Public Welfare, July.

Costello, B. (ed.), 1980. Women refugees. Migration Today, 8(4):34-35.

CrandaE, J., Day, C., Reny, E., 1982. Existing programs for orientation of women refugees and migrants. Migration Today, 10(3-4):33-42.

Danna, JJ., 1980. Migration and mental illness : Whai role do traditional childhood socialization practices play ? Cuit. Med. Psychiatly, 4(l)-.2542.

David, H.P., 1969. Involuntarv intemational migration : Adaptation of refugees. In Brody, E.B. (ed.), Behavior in New Environments. Beverley Hills, CA : Sage Publications.

Dean, G., %lsh, D., Downing, H., Shelley, E., 1981. First admissions of native-born and immigrants to psychiatric hospitals in South-East England 1976. Br. J. Psychiatry, 139:506-512.

Delgado, M., 1979. Therapy Latino style : Implications for psychiatric care. Perspectives in Psychiatric Carc, 17(3):107-115.

Devereux, G., 1978. Eihnopsycizoanalysis. Berkeley : University of Califomia Press.

Devisch, R., Gailly, A., 1985. A therapeutic self-help group among Turkish women : Dertlesmek : « The sharing of sorrow ». Psichiatr e Psicier. Anal., 4(2):133-15-2.

Di Nicola, VE Family therapy and transcultural psychiatry : An emerging synthesis. Part I. The conceptual basis. Transcult. Psychiatric Res. Rev., 22(2):81-112, 1985a..

Di Nicola, ME Family therapy and transcultural psychiatry : An emerging synthesis. Part IL Portabilitv and culture change. Transcult. Psychiatric Res. Rev, 22(3):151-180, 1985b.

Disman, M., 1983. Immigrants and other grieving people : Insights for counselling practices and policy issues. Can. Ethnic Studies, 25(3):106118.

Dohrenwend, B.., Dohrenwend, B.S., Gould, M.S., Link, B., Neugenbauer, R., Winsch-Hitzig, R., 1980. Mental Riness in the United Siates. New York : Praeger.

Downie, P.TH., January 1985. Child care needs of immigrants. Paper prepared for the Task Force on Child Care. Status of Women Canada.

Draguns, J.G., 1981. Cross-cultural counseling and psychotherapy : History, issues, current status. In Marsella, AJ., Pedersen, P.B. (eds.), Cross-Cultural Counseling and Psychotherapy. Pergamon Press Inc..

Duran, M., 1980. Life in exile : Chileans in Canada. Multiculturalism, 3(4):13-16.

Eisenbruch, M., 1984. Cross-cultural aspects of bercavement. H. Ethnic and cultural variations in the develOpmCnt of bereavement practices. Cuit. Me Psychiatr) ; 8(4):315-347.

Eisenbruch, M. Vietnamese children and parents in an English town : lhe refugee experience, In Deregowski, J.B., Dziurawiec, S., Annis, E.R.C. (eds.), 1993. Eipectations in Cross-Cultural Psychology. Lisse, The Netherlands : Swets and Zeitlinger B.V..

Elgie, K., Montgomery, H., 1985. A community development approach to meeting the resettiement needs of Indochinese refugees. J. Comm. Develop. Soc., 16(l):75-93.

Ervin, A.M., Mav 1986. Socio-health needs of Southeasi Asian refugees in Saskatchewan. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Ethnological Society.

Evans, L.A., Acosta, F-X., Yamamoto, J., Hurwicz, M.L., 1986. Patient requests : Correlates and therapeutic implications for Hispanic, black and Caucasian patients. J. Clin. Psychology 42(l):213-221.

Eyton, J., Neuwirth, G., 1984. Cross-cultural validity : Ethnocentrisrn in bealth studies with special reference to the Vietnamese. Soc. Sci. Med-, 18(5):447-453.

Falicov, C.J. (cd.), 1993. Cultural Perspectives in Famih- Therap.v. Rockville, MD : Aspen Publications.

Fandetti, D.V., Gelfand, D.E., 1978. Attitudes towards symptoms and services in the ethnic family and neighbourhood. Amer. J. Orthopsychiatry, 48(3).

Fantino, A.M., 1982. Psychosocial processes of immigrants* adaptation : Chileans and Argentinians in Canada. Unpublished M.Ed. Thesis, University of Alberta.

Fantino, A.M., Kennedy, S., April 1983. Immigrants’ Views on the Adaptation Process : The Polish Case. Catholic Social Services (Immigration Services) and Alberta Manpower (Seulement Services).

Fava, G.A., 1983. Assessing depressive sym toms across cultures : Italian validation of the CES-D self-rating scale. J. Clin. Psychol., 39(2).249251.

Fernandez-White, J., 1985. Training and rescarch institute on migration. Migration Today, : Current Issues and Christian Responsibility, 34:9-10.

Fernando. S., Spring 1984. Racism as a cause of depression. In Burke, A.W., (ed.). Racism and Mental Iliness. Special 30th Anniversary Double Issue of the International Journal of Social Psychiatry.

Fox, R., 1984. The Indochinese ; Strategies for health survival. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatpy, 30(4).285-291.

Fry, P.S., 1985. Stress ideations of Vietnamese youth in North America. J Soc, Psycholoff, 125(l). 35-43.

Gaviria, M., Stem, G., 1980. Problems in designing and implementing culturaliv relevant mental hcalth services for Latinos in the U.S. Soc. Sci. Med., 14B : 65-71.

Giordano, J., Giordano, G., 1977. ne Ethno-Cultural Factor in Mental Heaith : A Literature Review and Bibliography. New York : Institute on Pluralism and Group Identity.

Gerber, L.M., 1983. Ethnicity still matters Socio-demographic profiles of the ethnic elderly in Ontario. Can. Ethnic Studies, 25(3) :60-80.

Goldfield, N., Lee, W., 1982. Caring for Indochinese refugees.Am. Fam. Physician, 26(3):157-160.

Goldlust, J., Richmond, A.H., 1974. A multivariate mode] of immigrant adaptation. Int. Migration Review, 8(2)-193-225.

Graves, TD., Graves, N.B., 1985. Stress and health among Polynesian migrants to New Zealand. J. Behav. Med., 8(l)-l-19.

Great Britain, Communitv Relations Commission, Reference and Technical Services Division., 1976. Aspects of Mental Bealth in a Multicultural Society : Notes for the Guidance of Doctors and Social Workers. London : The Commission.

Greenbaum, L., Holmes, I.H., 1983. The use of folktales in social work and practice. Social Casewor4 64(7):414-418.

Grinberg, L., Grinberg, R., 1984. A psychoanalviic study of migration- lis normal and pathological aspects. J. Am. Psychoanal. Assoc., 32(l):13-38.

Guidote, P.M., Baba, VV., 1980. On the relationship between demographic factors and need fulfillment, participation in decision making, stress, alienation, and acculturation : An empirical study of the Filipino community in Montreal. In Ujimoto, &V, Hirabavash ;, G. (eds.),Asian Canadians and Multiculturalism : Selections from the Proceedings of the Asian Canadian Symposium IV Montreal.

Haavio-Mannila, E., Stenius, IL, 1977. Immigrants and riatives as mental health care recipients. Mental Heaith and Society, 4:171-189.

Haines, D., Rutherford, D., Thomas, D., 1981. Family and community among Vietnamese refugees. Ini. Migration Lev, 15(1-2)-310-319.

Halidin, J., 1985. Prevaience of mental disorder it an urban population in central Sweden in relation to social class, marital status and immigration. Acta Psychiai. Scand., 71(2):117-127.

Head, W.A., 1979. The West Indian family in Canada : Problems of adaptation in a multiracial, multicultural society. Multiculturalism, 3(2):14-18.

Hiegel, J., 1983. Collaboration with traditional healers : Experience in refugees’ mental care. Int. J. Mental HeaIÙ4 12(3)-30-43.

Hiravama, ILK., 1981 Evaluating effects of the employment of Vietnamesc refugee wives on their famiiv roles and mental health. California SociologiS4 5(l):96-110.

Hitch, Pi., Rack, RH., 1980. Mental illness among Polish and Russian refugees in Bradford. Br J. Psychiairy, 137:206-211.

Hoeper, E., Nvcz, G., Cicary, P., Regier, D. & Goldberg, 1., 1979. Estimaied prevalence of RDC mental disorder in primarv medical care. Iniernational Journal of Mental HealiM 8:6-15.

Hopkins-Kavangh, K., Sananikone, P., 1981. Migration, mental health and the Laotian refugee. Migration News, 4:15-23.

Hull, D., 1979. Migration, adaptation, and illness : A review. Soc. Sci. Med., 13A:25-36.

Huichinson, M., 1985. Women refugees and the United Nations decade for women. (Foreword). Refugee Abstracu, 4(2).3-5.

Huych, LE., Fields, R., 1981. Impact of resettlement on refugee children. Inj. Migration Review, 15(1-2).246-254.

ikels. C., 1983. Aging and Adaptation : Chinese in Hong Kong and the United States. Hamden, Connecticut : Shoe String Press.

Inbar, M., 1977. Immigration and )eaming : The vulnerable age. Can. Rev. Sociol.’Anthropol., 14(2):219-234.

Ive%, A.. Authier, J., 1979. Microcounseling : Innovations in Intervie%eing .Training. Springfield, 111.- Charles C. Thomas .

Johnson, FJ, 1984. Effect of sponsorship on initial economic experiences of Southcast Asian refugees. In Nann, R.C., Johnson, PJ., Beiser, M. (eds.) Reftigee Resetilement : Southeasi Asians in Transition

Korchin, SI., 19921. Minority mental health : Perspectives. In joncs, E.E., Korchin, SI. (eds.)Minority Mental Health. Praeger Puhlishers.

Kallirackal, A.M.. Herbert, M., 1976. The happiness of Indian immigrant ciùljren. New Society, Feb.:422-424.

Kirr- B.K- 1980. Altitudes, parental identification, and locus of control of Korean, New Korean-Canadian and Canadian adolescents. In Ujimoto, K.V & Hirabavashi, G. (eds.). Visible Minorities and Multiculturalism : Asians in Canada. Toronto : Butterworths.

Lappin, J., 1983. On becoming a culturally conscious family therapist. In Falicov, C-1. (cd.), Cultural Perspectives in Fami4, Therapy. kockville, MD : Aspen Publications.

Lasry, J.C., 1977. Cross-cultural perspective on mental health and immigrant adaptation. Social Psvchiatry, 12(2):49-55.

Lasry, J.C., Sigal, J-1., 1980. Mental and physical hcalth correlates in an immigrant population. Can. J. Psychiatry, 25(5)-391-393.

Leff, J., 1977. The cross-cultural studv of emotions. Cuit. Med. Psychiatry, 1:317-350.

Lefley, H., 1984. Delivering mental hcalth services across cultures. In Pedersen, P.B., Sariorius, N., Marsella, AJ. (eds.), Mental Health Services : The Cross-Cultural Contexi. Beverley Hilis, CA. Sage Publications.

Leilev, H.., Bestman, E.W, 1982. Communiiv mental hcalth and minorilies : A multi-ethnic approach. In Sue, S., Moore, T. (eds.) Communijy Mental Health in a Pluralistic Sociej5 . New ‘York : Human Sciences Press.

Leger, J.M., Estramon, B., Herman, C., Malauzat, D., 1983. Problèmes psychopathologiques apparus chez les refugiés du sud est asiatique. Enquete realisée dans un centre d’accueil a Limoges, France. Ann. Medico-Psychol. (Paris), 141(l):107-115.

Levine, E., Padilla, A., 1980. 0-ossing Cultures in Therapy : Piuralistic Counseling for the Hispanic. Monterey, CA : Brooks/Cole.

Lin, E.H., Carter, WB., Kleinman, A.M., 1985. An exploration of sornatization arnong Asian refugees and immigrants in primary carc. Am. J. Public Heaitil, 75(9):1080-1094.

Lin, K.M., Inui, T.S., YJeinman, A.M., Womack, W.M., 19S2. Sociocultural determinants of the help-secking behavior of patients with mental iliness. J. Nerv Meni. Dis., 170:78-85.

Lin, E-M., Masuda, M., Tazuma, L., 1984. Problems of eastern refugees and immigrants : Adaptational problemis of Vietnamese refugecs. Part IV, Psvchiatric J. Univ. Ottawa, 9(2):79-84.

Lin, TY., 1986. Multiculturalisrn and Canadian psychiatry : Opportunities and challenges. Canadian Journal of Psychian, 31:681-690.

Lin, TY., Tardiff, K., Donetz, G., Goresky, W, 1978. Ethnicitv and patterns of help-seeking, Cuit. MeiL Psychiatry, 2:4-13.

Littlewood, R., Lipsedge, M., 1981. Sonne social and phenomenological characteristics of psychotic immigrants. Vol. M&L, 11(2):289-302.

Lob-c E. De H., 1979. Children of Immigrants to Britain : lheir Healiii and Social Probiems. London : Hodder and Stoughton.

Lonner, W.J., 1980. The scarch for psychological universals. In liandis, H.C., Lambert, WW. (eds.), Handbook of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Boston : Allvn and Bacon.

Lopez, S., 1981. Mexican-American usage of mental hcalth facilities. Under-utilization considered. In Baron, Jr., A. (ed.), 1977EXploration in Chicano Psychology. NewYork-. Praeger.

Lopez, S. Clinical stereotypes of the Mexican-American. In Martinez, J.L. (cd.) Chicano Psychology, New York : Academic Press.

Lu, E, Lee, E., Tolentino, E., Hopkin, J., Mav 1984. Tbe Asian/Pacific American Psychiatrie Inpatient Program at’the University of California, San Francisco. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatrie Association.

Lum D., Cheung, L.Y., Cho, E.R., Tang, T.Y., ‘Yau, H.B., 1980. The psychosocial needs of the Chinese elderly. Social Casework, 61(2):100106.

Lynam, MJ., 1985. Support networks developed by immigrant women. Soc. Sci. Med., 21(3).327-333.

McGoldrick, M., Pearce, J.K., Giordano, J., 1982. Ethnicity and Family Therapy. New York : Guilford Pess.

Maingot, A., 1985. Ibe stress factors in migration : A dissenting view. Migration Today, 13(5):26-29.

Mangalam, J.J. Post-immigration adjustment of India’s immigrants in Canada : A case studv. In Chandrasekhar, S. (cd.), 1986. From India to Canada. La Jolla. California : A Population Review Book.

Marcos, L.R., 1992. Adults’ recollection of their language deprivation as immigrant children. Am. J. Psvchiarry, 139(5):607-610.

Marcos, L.R., 1979. Effects of interpreters on the evaluation of psychopatholop, in non-English-speakincy patients. Am. J. Rywhiatry, 136:171174.

Mareti, V, 1981. Cross-cultural counseUing : An overview of research. New Community, 9(l):53-58.

Marsella, AJ., Pedersen, P.B. (eds.), 1981. Cross-Culiural Counseling and Psychotherapy. New York : Pergamon Press.

Marsella, A.J., White, G.M. (eds.), 1984. Cultural Conceptions of Mental Hcalth and Therapy. Boston : D. Reidel Publishing Company.

Marshall, D., 1979. Implications for intercultural counselling. Multiculiu ralism, 3(2):23-26.

Migliore, S., 1993. Evil eve or delusions : On the « consistenc » of folk models. Med. Anthropol. Quart., 14(2):4-9.

Miller, B., Chambers, E., Coleman, C., 1981. Indo-Chinese refugees : A national mental hcalth need assessinent. Migration Today, 9(2):26-31.

Minde, K., Minde, R., 1976. Children of immigrants ; Tbe adjustment of Ugandan Asian primary school chüdren in Canada. J Can. Psychiatric Assoc., 21(6):371-381.

Miranda, M.R. (ed.), 1976. Psychotherae, the Spanish speaiding .Issues in Research and Service Delivery. Spanish-Speaking Mental Health Research and Development Program. UCLA,

Mirdal, G.M., 1985. Ibe condition of « tightness » : The somatic complaints of Turkish migrant women. Acta Psychiat. ScaniL, 71(3):287-296.

Morgan, M.C., Wingard, D.L., Felice, M.E., 1984. Subcultural differences in alcohol use among youth. J. Adoiesc. Héalth Care, 5(3):191-195.

Morgan, P., Andrushko, E., 1977. The use of diagnostic-specific rates of mental hospitalization to estimate underutilizaiton by immigrants. Soc. Sci. Me4d., 11(11-13):611-618.

Morokvasic, M., 1984. Birds of passage art also women. Ini. Migration Review, 28(4):886-907.

Munce, L., 1980. Exile as bercavement : Socio-psychological manifestations of Chilean exiles in Great Britain. Br. J. Med. Psychol., 53(3).1.27232.

Murphy, H.B.M., 1977. Migration, culture and mental health. Psycholog. Med., 7(4):677-684.

Murphy, H.B.M., 1973. Migration and the major mental disorders : A reappraisal. In Zwingmann, C., Pfister-Ammende, M. (eds.)Uprooting andAfier. New York : Springer-Verlag.

Murphy, H.B.M., 1955. Flight and Resettlemeni. Paris : UNESCO.

Myers, D.H., Neal, C.D., 1978. Suicide in psychiatric patients. Br. J. Psychiairy, 133.38-44.

Naditch, M.., Morrissey, R.F., 1976. Roll stress, personality, psychopathology in a group of immigrant adolescents. J. Abnorm. PsycholoD ; 85(l):113-118.

Naidoo, J.C., 1986. Trends in the migration and seulement of Africans in Canada. In Ekstrand, L. (ed.), Et »c Minorin, and Immigrant Research. Lisse, Ibe Netherlands : Swets & Zeitlinger.

Naidw, J.C., 1995. Ibe South Asian experience of aging. Multiculturalism, 8(3).

Naidoo, J.C., 1984. Stressful and facilitating life experience for SouthAsian women in Canada. In Ujimoto, YLV., Naidoo, J.C. (eds.),4sian Canadians : Aspects of Social Change. Selections from the Proceedings of the Asian Canadian Symposium V Guelph, Ontario.

Neuwirth, G., Grenier, G., Devries, J., Màtkiris, W, 1985. Southeast Asian Refugee Stuc y : A Report on the Ihree-year Suidy of the Social and Economic Adaptation of Southeast Asian Refugees to Life in Canada, 1981-1983. Hull, Canada : Employmeni and Immigration Canada.

Nguyen, L.T., Henkin, A.B., 1992. Vietnamese refugees in the United States : Adaptation and transitional status. J. Ethnic S »es, 9(4):101116.

Nguyen, S.D., 1984. Mental health services for refugees and immigrants. Psychiat. J. Unii Ottawa., 9(2):85-91.

Nguyen, S.D., 1983. Psychiatric and psychosomatic problems among Southeast Asian refugecs. In Krakowski, A.J., Kimball, C.. (eds.), Psychosomatic Medicine, New York : Plenum Publishing Co..

Nguyen, S.D., 19P- The psycho-social adjustment and mental health needs of Southeast Asian refugees. Psychiat. J. Univ. Ottawa, 7(l).2635.

Okura, K., Match 1981. Indochinese refugee families/children in turmoil. Paper presented at the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Orthopsychiatric Association, New York.

Olowu, A.A., 1983. Counselling needs of immigrant children. New Community, 10(3):410-420.

Palinkas, L.A., 1982. Ethnicity, identity and mental hcalth : The use of rhetoric in an immigrant Chinese church. J. Psycholanal. Anthropol., 5.235-258.

Palmer, 1., 1981, Advancement preparation and seulement needs of Southeast Asian refugec women. Int. Migrat. Review, 19(1-2):94-101.

Pask, E.D., Javne, A., 1984. Resettiement of minor refugees : Some interdisciplinary issues. Can. J. Familv Law, 4(3):275-292.

Pedersen, P.B., Draguns, J.G., Lonner, MI.J., Trimble, J.E., 1981. Cowi selling Across Cultures : Revised and Fxpanded Edition. Honolulu Universitv East-West Center : Universitv Press of Hawaii.

Penning, M.J., 1993. Multiple jeopardy : Age, sex and ethnic variations. Can. »Ethnic Studies, 25(3):81-105.

Pivnicki, D., 1980. On psychopathology of exile : An essay. Confinia Psychiatrica, 23(2):109-117.

Plaut, G.W., 1985. Refugee Determination in Canada : Proposais for a New Svstem. Ottawa : Minister of Supply and Services Canada.

Prince, R., 1984. Shamans and endorphins : Exogenous and endogenous factors in psychotherapy. In Pedersen, P.B., Sartorious, N., Marsella, A.J. (eds.) Mental Heaith Services : ne Cross-Cuitural Conteri. Beverly Hilis : Sage Publicatins.

kack, P.H., 1982. Race, Culture and Mental Disorder. London : Tavistock Publications.

Rack, P.H., 1980. Ethnic differences in depression andits response to treatment.J. Int. Med. Res., S(Suppl. 3).20-23.

Rahim, A., Mukherjec, A.K., 1984. South Asians in Transition : Problents and Chalienges. Scarborough : Indian Immigrant Aid Services.

Ready, T. Psychological and Social Adaptation of Immigrant and Refugee Adolescents in Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C.- Catholic University of America. (n.d.).

Reubens, P, 1980. Psychological needs of the new immigrants. Migration Today, 8(2):9-14.

Richmond, A.H., 1982. Comparative Siudies in the Economic Adaptation of Immigrants in Canada : A Literature Review. Report submitied to the Department of Employment and Immigration, Ottawa. Downsview : York University.

Roskies, E., 1978. Immigration and mental health. Canadas Mental Héalth, 26(2):4-6.

Ruiz, R.A., Padilla, A., 1977. Counselling Latinos. Personnel Guidance J., March:401-408.

Rumbaut, R.D., 1977. Life events, change, migration, and depression. In Fann, W.E., Karacan, I., Pokorny, A.D., Williams, R.L. (eds.). Phenomenology and Treaunent of Depression. New York : Spectrum.

Rumbaut, R.G., 1985. Mental health and the refugee experience : A comparative study of Southcast Asian refugees. In Owan, TC. (cd.), Southeasi Asian Mental Heaith : Treatment, Prevention, Services, Training and Research Rockville : Maryland : National Institute of Mental Health.

Rwegellera, G.G., 1980. Différential use of psychiatric services by West Indians, West Africans and English in London. Br. J. Psychiatry 137:428-432.

Sabatier, C., Durivage, J., September 1986. Preschool migrants and the child psychiatric guidance. Paper presenied at the 6th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Academv of Child Psychiatry, Whistler, B.C..

Salvendy, J.T., 1983. l’he mental health of immigrants : A reassessment of concepts. Canada’s Mental Health, 31.-9-12, 16.

Samuda, RJ., Wolfgang, A. (eds.), 1985. Interculiural Counselling and Assessment : Global Perspective. Toronto : C.J. Hogrefe.

Sandoval, M.C., 1979. Santeria as a mental health care svstem : An historical overview. Soc. Sci. Med., 13B:137-151.

Santopietro, M.S., Lynch, B.A., 1980. What’s behind the inscrutable mask ? RNMagazine, Oct.:55-61.

Sartorius, N., Pedersen, P.B., Marsella, AJ., 1984. Mental health services across cultures : Some concluding thoughts. In Pedersen, P.B., Sartorius, N., Marsella, AJ. (eds.), Mental Health Services : lhe Cross-Cultural Context. Beverly Hills : Sage Publications.

Schrader, A., 1980. The vulnerable age : Findings on foreign children in Germany. Soc. Educ., 51:227-23().

Schl, M., Naidoo, J.C., 1985. The adaptation of Salvadorean refugees in Canada. Multicuituralism, 9(l):125-28.

Sell, R.R., 1983. Analyzing migration decisions. Tbe first step – wbose decision ? Demography, 20(3):299-311.

Scivan, A.A., 1979. The immigrant experience- « Who cares ? » Canadas Mental Heaith. 26(2):2-4.

Shackman, J.D., 1982. Speaking through others : A study of use and training of inierpreters in Bristol. United Kingdom : Refugec Action.

Shibata, Y., 1980. Coping with values in conflict : Japanese women in Canada. In Ujimoto, KA, Hirabavashi, G. (eds.).Visible Minorities and Multiculturalism : Asians in Canada. Toronto : Butterworths.

Shuval, J.T., 1982. Migration and stress. In Goldberger, L., Breznitz, S. (eds.) Handbook of Stress : theoretical and Clinical Aspects. New York : Frce Press.

Skhiri, Annabi, Allani., 1982. Enfants d’immigrants, facteurs d’attachement ou de rupture ? Ann. Med. Pschol. (Paris), 140(6)-597602.

Sluzki, C.E., 1979, Migration and family conflict. Family Process, 18(4).379-390.

Smither, R., Rodriguez-Giegling, M., 1979. Marginality, modernity, and anxiety in Indochinese refugees. J. Cross-Culi. Psychiatry, 10(4):469477.

Sokoloff, B., Carlin, J., Pham, H., 1984. Five-year follow-up of Vietnamese refugee children in the United States. Clin. Pediatr. (Phila.), 23(10).565-570.

Spitzer. J.B., 1984. Planning services for elderly refugees : The Vietnamese and Soviet Jews. Migration Today, 12(3).25-27.

Starr, P.D., Roberts, A.E., 1992. Community structure and Vietnamese refugee adaptation ; The significance of context. kt. Migration &v., 16(3):595-618.

Sterlin, C., 1987. La référence culturelle dans une pratique psychiatrique en milieu Haïtien à Montréal. Corin, Let al., Regards anthropologiques en psychiatrie, Montréal, Girame.

Stevenson, J., Richman, N., Graham, P., 1985. Behaviour problems and language abilities ai thrce vears and behavioural deviance ai eight vears. J. Child Psychol. Psychîatry, 26(2).215-230.

Strand, PJ., Joncs, W., 1985. Indochinese Reftigees in America : Problems of Adaptation and Assimilation Durham, N.C.. Duke University Preu.

Stumphauzer, J.S., Davis, L.C., 1983. Training Mexican American mental health personnel in behavior iberapy. J. Behav. Ther. Lxp. Psychiatyy, 14(3).215-217.

Sue, D.W. » 1981.’ Counselling the Culturally Differeni : Theory and Pracrice. New York : John Wiley & Sons Inc..

Sue, S., 1983. Ethnic minoritv issues in psychotrop, A re-exammation. Amer. Psychologist, 38:583.592.

Sue, S., Morishima, JK, 1982. The Mental Healih of Asian Americans : Contemporary Issues in Identifying and Treanng Mental Probienu. San Francisco-Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Sue, S., 1977. Psychological theory and implications for Asian Americans. J. Personnel Guidance, 55(7)-381-389.

Szapocznik, J., Kunines, W, Fernandez, T., 1980. Bicultural invoivement and adjustment in Hispanic-American vouths. Int. J. Interculi. Relations, 4.353-365.

Szapocznik, J., Scopetta, M.A., King, O.E., 1978. Theory and practice in matching treatment to the special characteristics and problems of Cuban immigrants. J. Communin, Psychol., 6(2):112-122.

Tobin, J.J., Friedman, J., 1983. Spirits, shamans, and nightmare death : Survivor stress in a Hmong refugee. Am. J. Orthopsychiatry, 53(3):439448.

Tousignant, M., 1987. La construction culturelle des émotions. Corin, E. et al. Regards anthropologiques en psychiatrie. Montréal, Girame.

Trouve, J.N., Liauzu, J.., Calvet, P., Scotto, J.C., 1983. Aspects sociologiques des troubles de l’identite dans la pathologie de la migration. Ann. Med. Psychol. (Paris), 141(10)-1041-1062.

Trovato, E, 1986. A time series analysis of international immigration and suicide mortality in Canada. Ini. J. Soc. Psychiatry, 32(2)-38-46.

Tung, T.M., 1980. Indochinese Patients : Cultural Aspects of the Medical and Psychiatric Care of Indochinese Refugees. Falls Church, Virginia : Action for Southcast Asians.

Tyhurst, L., 1982. Coping with refugees. A Canadian experience. 19481981. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry, 28(2):105-109.

Ubaie, B., 1977. Equal Opportunity and Public Policy. Toronto : B. Ubale.

United States Catholic Conference., 1985. Migration and Refugee Services. Women Refugees : Their Needs and the Church’s Response. Washington, D.C..

Van Dromme, L., 1977. The effect of differential educational strategies upon the attitudes of French Canadian teachers towards immigrants. Scientia Paedagogica Experimentalis, 14(l).111-125.

Van Drunen, L., 1982. On the plight of refugee women. Migration News, (1-2):36-40.

Vega, W.A., Kolody, B., Valle, R., Hough, R., 1986. Depressive symptoms and their correlates among immigrant Mexican women in the United States. Soc. Sci. Med., 22(6):645-652.

Vega, W.A., Kolody, B., Warheit, G., 1985. Psychoncuroses among

Mexican Americans and cher whites : Prevalence and caseness. Am. J. Public Health, 75(5):523-527.

Verma, R.B.., Basavarajappa, Y-G., 1986. The economic adaptation of immigrants- Income of immigrants in Canada, 1980. International Sociological Association Conference.

Vignes, A.J., Hall, R.C.W., 1979. Adjustment of a group of Vietnamese people to the United States. Am. J. Psychiatry, 136:424-444.

Wimpold, B.E., Casas, J.M., Alkinson, D.R., 1981. Ethnic bias in counselling : An information processing approach. J. Counselling Psychology, 28:498-503.

Waxler, N.E., 1977. Is mental illness cured in traditional societies ? A theoretical analvsis. Cult. Med. Psychiatry, 1.233-253.

Weidman, H.H., 1979. Falling-out : A diagnostic and treatment problem viewed from a transcultural perspective. Soc. Sci. Meii, 13B:95-112.

Westermeyer, J., 1985. Psychiatric diagnosis across cultural boundaries. Am. J. Psvchiavy, 142(7).798-805.

Westermever, J., Neider, J., Vang, TE, 1984. Acculturation and mental health : A study of Hmong refugees at 1.5 and 3.5. years postmigration. Soc. Sci. Med, 18(l):87-93.

Westermever, J., TE, Neider, J., 1983(a). Migration and mental health among Hmong refugecs. Association of pre- and postmigration factors with self-rating scales. J. Neri, Ment. Dis., 171(2):92-96.

Westermeyer, J., Vang, TE, Neider, J., 1983(b). Refugees who do and do not seek psychiatric care. An analysis of premigratory and postmigratory characteristics. J. Neri, ‘ Ment. Dis., 171(2).-86-91.

Westermever, J., Zimmerman, R., 1981. Lao folk diagnoses for mental disorder : Comparison with psychiatric diagnosis and assessment with psychiatric rating scales. Anthropol., 5-425-443.

Williams, C.L., Viestermeyer, J., 1983. Psychiatrie problerns among adolescent Southeast Asian refu ees. A descriptive study. J. Nern Ment. Dis., 171(2).79-85.

Williams, H., Carmichael, A., 1985. Depression in mothers in a multiethnie urban industrial municipality in Melbourne. Aetiological factors and effects on infants and preschool children. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry, 26(2):277-288.

Wilson, L.G., Ries, R., Bokan, J., 1980. Transcultural psychiatry on an American psychiatrie ward. Hosp. Communiry Psychiatry 31(11):759762.

Wood, M.R., 1984. Social service agents and Indo-Canadian immigrants in %ncouver : Implications of models of social exchange for intercultural transactions. Doctoral thesis, University of British Columbia.

Yamamoto, J., Lam, J., Fung, D., Tan, E, Iga, M., May 1976. Chinesespeaking Vietnamese refugees in Los Angeles : A preliminary investigation. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatrie Association, Florida.

Yedid, H., 1982. Quelques problèmes de réinsertion chez les refugiés Cambodgiens de France. Asem 13(1-4).

Yeung, W.H., Schwartz, M.A., 1986. Emotional disturbance in Chinese obstetrical patients : A pilot study. GeiL Hosp. Psychiatry, 8(4)-258-262.

Zola, IK, 1973. Pathways to the doctor from person to patient. Soc. Sci. Med., 7:677-689.